An Egyptian director, cinematographer, writer, actor, and producer, born in Tanta in 1894. He graduated from the Military Academy in 1915, then turned to the artistic field after the 1919 revolution, as he co-founded the Nile Valley Troupe with (Beshara Wakim), then traveled to Italy and then Austria, where he obtained a diploma in photography and cinematography. His first documentary film was Saad Zaghloul's Return from Exile (1923), and in the same year, he presented his first feature film Bar ...